References

Floors & Screeds

182 sources in the library on floors & screeds. Each one says what the document covers and what it is good for. Name a source to see which document it is and where to read it. One at a time. Page 3 of 5.

1. supplier figure RN-IC67AT

   Amtico

   Manufacturer product data for an Amtico Signature Safety LVT plank. Plank sizes are 76.2 x 914.4 mm, 114.3 x 914.4 mm and 152.4 x 914.4 mm, which are imperial 3, 4.5 and 6 inch widths by 36 inches long, useful when planning a laying pattern against a room dimension. Slip resistance is R10 and Amtico states this enhanced slip resistance lasts for the lifetime of the product rather than being a surface treatment that wears off. The Signature range is 2.5mm overall thickness with a 1.0mm wear layer, finished with Quantum Guard Elite ceramic surface treatment and is ortho-phthalate free.

   Name this source
2. supplier figure RN-KNHDYU

   ARDEX UK

   Manufacturer data for ARDITEX NA latex based levelling and smoothing compound. Coverage is approximately 5 m2 at 3mm thick per unit, so a 20 m2 room at 3mm needs about four units. Application thickness is 3mm to 6mm generally, extending to 3mm to 30mm over pitch adhesive residues provided the residue is hard, sound, not water softenable and cohesive. Over steel the surface must first be abraded or shot blasted to bright metal before applying at 3-6mm. Above 8mm ARDEX Coarse Aggregate improves coverage. Embodied carbon is quoted at 0.49 kg CO2 eq per kg. The manufacturer notes that properties built before the 1970s commonly lack a structural damp proof membrane and can read up to 98 per cent relative humidity, in which case a pre-smoothing layer is followed by a surface damp proof membrane. ARDEX also notes 1 N/mm2 equals about 100 tonnes/m2, and that some products in the range walk on in as little as 1 hour and deep fill to 50mm.

   Name this source
3. supplier figure RN-FJ58MR

   ARDEX UK

   Manufacturer data for a rapid drying white tile adhesive formulated for moisture sensitive natural stone wall and floor tiles, where a normal cement adhesive would stain the stone as it dries. Tiles can be trafficked and grouted 2 hours after fixing regardless of bed thickness, which is the significant claim because most rapid adhesives qualify their cure time by bed depth. Coverage is up to 6.4 m2 per bag at 3mm bed thickness.

   Name this source
4. supplier figure RN-BZFNAF

   ARDEX UK

   Manufacturer data for a rapid setting deformable S1 tile adhesive. Tiles can be grouted and trafficked just 3 hours after fixing. The S1 classification means the adhesive is deformable under BS EN 12004, the grade required for floors that move or warm up such as timber substrates and underfloor heating, so this product combines the deformability of an S1 with a same day grouting time.

   Name this source
5. supplier figure RN-OTAW6M

   ARDEX UK

   Manufacturer data for a fibre reinforced flexible tile adhesive. Pot life is 3 hours and open time is 60 minutes, both far longer than the 15 to 45 minutes typical of standard and rapid adhesives, which is what allows mixing and fixing in larger batches. Coverage is up to 8 m2 from a single 20 kg bag, and ARDEX claims this goes up to 40 per cent further than leading competitors, comparing published coverage and mixing data for 20 kg cement based adhesives. Embodied carbon is 0.49 kg CO2 eq per kg for the grey version and 0.96 kg CO2 eq per kg for the white, so the white adhesive carries roughly double the embodied carbon of the grey.

   Name this source
6. supplier figure RN-CZE4HF

   BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

   Manufacturer technical data for a floor levelling compound. Bed depth is 2mm to 80mm, with up to 80mm only in localised areas, and a minimum 3mm over timber floors. Coverage is 5 m2 at 3mm per unit, or 0.2 m2 per kg at 3mm bed thickness applied with a steel trowel. Working time is more than 30 minutes and it sets in 3 to 4 hours at 20C. Ceramic or natural stone tiles can be laid after 4 hours at 20C, but soft floor coverings such as carpet and vinyl need a minimum of 24 hours, and in wet areas a minimum of 24 hours is required before proceeding. Service temperature range is -30C to 100C. Underfloor heating must be switched off for a minimum of 48 hours before application. BAL defines the flatness target as 3mm or less under a 2 metre straight edge. Anhydrite and calcium sulfate screeds are approved subject to a suitability check and a suitable primer.

   Name this source
7. supplier figure RN-2QGLR2

   BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

   Manufacturer technical data for a flexible cementitious tile grout. Coverage depends entirely on tile size and joint width: 6.05 m2 per kg for 200 x 200 x 6mm tiles with a 2mm joint, 4.03 m2 per kg for 300 x 300 x 9mm tiles with a 3mm joint, and 8.01 m2 per kg for 600 x 600 x 9mm tiles with a 3mm joint, which shows that larger tiles need far less grout for the same area. A 2.5 kg pack takes 0.512 litres of water. It sets in 2 to 3 hours at 20C. Classification exceeds BS EN 13888 CG2WA, an improved cementitious grout with additional characteristics. Service temperature range is -15C to 70C. BAL states the grout must not be used below 5C, that porous tiles should be dampened when grouting above 25C, and that a new shower must not be used for at least 2 weeks after grouting. The key warning for a bathroom note: the grout is water resistant but NOT impervious to water and is not a substitute for a waterproof tanking system.

   Name this source
8. supplier figure RN-47MI4P

   BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

   Manufacturer technical data for a rapid setting tile adhesive usable in a thick bed. Bed thickness is 2 to 25mm with a typical application of 2 to 6mm, and a minimum 3mm for floor tiling. Open time is more than 30 minutes with 60 minutes adjustment and a 3 hour set, and it can be grouted after just 3 hours at any thickness. Coverage from a 20 kg bag is 0.5 m2 per kg with a 4mm notched trowel on dry wall, 0.4 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on dry wall, 0.3 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on wet wall, 0.25 m2 per kg with a 10mm notch solid bed on exteriors and floors, and 0.125 m2 per kg with a 20mm notch, so a thick bed roughly doubles the adhesive needed for the same area. Service temperature range is -30C to 100C. All open and setting times extend in colder temperatures and when fixing low porosity tiles, and external tiling needs protection against inclement weather.

   Name this source
9. supplier figure RN-0M6HXA

   BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

   Manufacturer technical data for a rapid setting flexible tile adhesive, with the numbers a tiling estimate needs. At 20C and a 2-6mm bed the open time is 20 minutes, adjustment time 45 minutes and set time 3 hours, and tiles can be grouted after 3 hours. Coverage depends on trowel and background: 1.0 m2 per kg with a 4mm notched trowel on dry wall, 0.8 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on dry wall, 0.64 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on wet wall, and 0.42 m2 per kg with a 10mm notch on exteriors and floors. A minimum 3mm bed is required for floor tiling. All times extend in colder temperatures, on impervious backgrounds and with low porosity tiles. Service temperature range is -30C to 100C. Critically for a bathroom job, BAL states a maximum 20 kg/m2 tile weight when tiling onto plaster and a maximum 32 kg/m2 onto the heavier background, which is the limit that decides whether large format porcelain can go on an existing wall at all.

   Name this source
10. supplier figure RN-1WL47I

    BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

    Manufacturer technical data for a very fast setting tile adhesive. At 20C in a 2 to 10mm bed the open time is 10 minutes, adjustment 15 minutes and set 30 minutes, and it can be grouted after 30 minutes, which is the trade-off for the speed. Minimum bed for floor tiling is 3mm. Coverage is 0.5 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on dry wall, 0.4 m2 per kg with a 6mm notch on wet wall and 0.26 m2 per kg with a 10mm notch on exteriors and floors. Service temperature is -30C to 100C. Maximum tile weight including adhesive is 20 kg/m2 onto plaster and 32 kg/m2 onto plasterboard. It can be used with BAL Rapid-Mat or BAL Flexbone 2Easy uncoupling mats. A significant restriction the manufacturer notes: as of May 2024 plywood and timber is no longer an approved background. A new shower must not be used for at least 2 weeks after completion.

    Name this source
11. supplier figure RN-GILWR7

    BAL (Building Adhesives Ltd)

    Manufacturer technical data for an adhesive recommended for large format tiles of uneven thickness. Bed thickness is 3 to 25mm, typical application 2 to 6mm, minimum 3mm on floors. Open time is 45 to 60 minutes with 90 minutes adjustment and a 6 hour set, grouting after 6 hours at 20C. Coverage is 0.5 m2 per kg at 1.5mm bed depth, 0.25 m2 per kg at 3mm and 0.125 m2 per kg at 6mm, so doubling the bed depth halves the coverage exactly. It exceeds BS EN 12004 for a C2E adhesive. Service temperature range is -30C to 70C. The background must be no more than 75 per cent relative humidity and the top surface mechanically abraded where required. A shower must not be used for at least 2 weeks after completion, and swimming pool work follows BS 5385 Part 4.

    Name this source
12. supplier figure RN-ENAME5

    British Steel

    Dimensions and properties for Advance UK parallel flange channels to BS EN 10365. Sample rows: 150 x 75 x 18 weighs 17.9 kg/m, depth 150 mm, width 75 mm, web 5.5 mm, flange 10.0 mm, root radius 12 mm, Ixx 861 cm4, Iyy 131 cm4, radius of gyration x-x 6.15 cm; 200 x 90 x 30 weighs 29.7 kg/m with Ixx 2523 cm4; 300 x 100 x 46 weighs 45.5 kg/m, web 9.0 mm, flange 16.5 mm, Ixx 8229 cm4, Iyy 568 cm4. Serial sizes run 125 x 65 up to 430 x 100, supplied in S355 JR, J0, J2 and K2 with a carbon equivalent of 0.43%. CE and UKCA marked, BES 6001 certified.

    Name this source
13. supplier figure RN-01X805

    Buckland Timber

    Buckland make GL24h glulam from imported timber and GL20h from home grown UK timber, to BS EN 14080:2013. Characteristic values in N/mm2: GL20h bending 20, tension parallel 16, tension perpendicular 0.5, compression parallel 20, compression perpendicular 2.5, shear 3.5, E0,mean 8400, E0,05 700, E90,mean 300, Gmean 650, density 370 kg/m3. GL24h bending 24, tension parallel 19.2, E0,mean 11500, E0,05 9600, density 420 kg/m3. GL28h bending 28, tension 22.3, E0,mean 12600, density 460 kg/m3. GL30h bending 30, E0,mean 13600. Standard widths 100 to 520 mm; appearance grades govern crack tolerance, with top layer cracks up to 2 mm accepted on the middle grade. Span table for simply supported GL24h beams, allowable span in metres by section and load width: 100 x 200 spans 3.22 m as a floor beam at 2 m load width and 3.76 m as a roof beam; 140 x 400 spans 7.20 m floor and 8.41 m roof at 2 m; 160 x 480 spans 9.08 m floor and 10.56 m roof at 2 m, falling to 6.89 m and 8.05 m at 4.5 m load width. Beams available up to 235 x 1600 mm x 25 m.

    Name this source
14. supplier figure RN-28U041

    Cemfloor

    Self levelling cementitious screed of Cemfloor binder, cement, sand and water, to EN 13813:2002. Version 4, 04/24. Compressive strength classes C20, C25 and C30; flexural F4, F5 and F6. Minimum thickness: bonded 20 mm; unbonded 30 mm domestic and 40 mm commercial; floating 35 mm domestic and 40 mm commercial; over underfloor heating pipes 25 mm above the pipes for C20 and C25 and 20 mm above the pipes for C30. Shrinkage at 28 days less than 0.05%. Flow rate 230-260 mm. Fresh density 2100-2200 kg/m3. Surface flatness minimum SR2. ISCR test Category A. Open to light foot traffic in 24-48 hours. Maximum bay size 150 m2 unheated and 100 m2 heated. Floating screeds need insulation of at least 100 kPa compressive strength. Used to BS 8204-7:2003 for pumpable self-smoothing screeds, levelled with a dappling bar in two passes at 90 degrees. Needs no curing agent in a sealed weathertight area; Cemfloor EC evaporation control spray is used where there is wind, draught or strong sun. No sanding to remove laitance.

    Name this source
15. supplier figure RN-WVXFUS

    Cordek

    Cellcore HX Plus sits beneath reinforced concrete floor slabs to protect against ground heave while also insulating. Construction is a cellular expanded polystyrene core bonded to a Filcor insulation layer and protected by a thin polypropylene sheet, moulded to tolerance. BBA certified and meets NHBC Technical Standards. Specification is a two-step process Cordek set out explicitly: first fix the Cellcore HX depth and grade to suit the heave potential and the construction loading, then calculate the Filcor insulation thickness needed for the target U-value. Standard range covers common combinations of soil heave potential, concrete depth and U-value requirement.

    Name this source
16. supplier figure RN-M382W2

    Delta Membrane Systems

    HDPE cavity drain membrane. Stud height 20 mm, sheet thickness 1 mm, roll size 2.0 m x 20 m. Compressive strength 150 kN/m2. Drainage capacity 10 litres per second per metre, equal to 600 litres/min/m or 36,100 litres/hour/m, and 1.25 litres/second/m2. Air volume between studs 14 litres/m2. R value 0.18 m2K/W. Temperature resistance -30 C to +80 C. Reaction to fire Class E to EN 13501-1. The 20 mm stud gives roughly four times the drainage rate of the 8 mm product at the cost of depth taken off the room.

    Name this source
17. supplier figure RN-982ZU5

    Delta Membrane Systems

    HDPE cavity drain membrane with DELTASAFE additive. Stud height 8 mm, sheet thickness 0.5 mm, roll size 2.4 m x 20 m. Compressive strength greater than 250 kN/m2. Drainage capacity 2.25 litres per second per metre, equal to 135 litres/min/m or 8,100 litres/hour/m. Air volume between studs 5.3 litres/m2. R value 0.12 m2K/W. Temperature resistance -30 C to +80 C. Reaction to fire EN 13501-1:2018 Class B-s2,d0, which is a higher fire classification than the Class E typical of plain HDPE cavity drain membranes.

    Name this source
18. supplier figure RN-FIBV4P

    Dunlop (ARDEX)

    Manufacturer technical data for a deformable S1 tile adhesive. Coverage from a 20 kg bag is approximately 2 kg/m2 on dry walls and approximately 4 kg/m2 on floors, exterior and wet areas, so one bag covers roughly 10 m2 of wall or 5 m2 of floor. Open time is 30 to 45 minutes and bed thickness 2 to 6mm. Mix ratio is about 3 parts powder to 1 part water by volume, with 5.4 litres of clean water per 20 kg bag, stood for 1 to 2 minutes then remixed for 30 seconds, and used within 3 hours at room temperature. Application temperature is around 20C and it must not be used below 5C. Storage is 5C to 30C off the ground. It exceeds BS EN 12004 for a C2TES1 adhesive. The critical loading limits: maximum weight of tiling including adhesive is 20 kg/m2 onto plaster and 32 kg/m2 onto plasterboard, and the manufacturer's remedy where those are exceeded is to overlay with a tile backer board.

    Name this source
19. supplier figure RN-HVB1D6

    Dunlop (ARDEX)

    Manufacturer technical data for a standard water resistant floor and wall tile adhesive, useful as the baseline against a flexible adhesive. At 3mm thickness a 20 kg bag covers approximately 2 kg/m2 on dry wall areas and 3.5 kg/m2 on floors, exterior and wet areas. Open time is 15 to 20 minutes, noticeably shorter than the 30 to 45 minutes of the S1 grade. Bed thickness is 3 to 6mm. Mix ratio is about 2.5 parts powder to 1 part water by volume, roughly 5.6 litres of cold water per 20 kg bag. Application is at about 20C and never below 5C. It exceeds BS EN 12004 for a C1T adhesive, and the manufacturer states it is not suitable for porcelain tiles or exterior areas unless a flexible additive is used. Maximum weight of tiling including adhesive is 20 kg/m2 onto plaster and 32 kg/m2 onto plasterboard, with plasterboard requiring fixing at 300mm centres or as the board manufacturer directs.

    Name this source
20. supplier figure RN-TWBLVQ

    Dunlop (ARDEX)

    Manufacturer coverage table for a standard cementitious floor and wall grout, showing how strongly tile size and joint width drive quantity. Coverage is 0.21 kg/m2 for a 200 x 300 x 7mm tile with a 2mm joint, 0.25 kg/m2 for a 300 x 300 x 7mm tile with a 3mm joint and 0.45 kg/m2 for a 300 x 600 x 10mm tile with a 5mm joint, so a large format tile with a wide joint needs more than twice the grout of a small tile with a narrow one. Joint width range is 2 to 12mm. It is not recommended for soft glazed decorative tiles or tiles with a metal decor, and unglazed floor tiles should be test grouted first because the pigment can stain the face, in which case a protective sealer is applied. Tiles must be fixed with a water resistant adhesive. The method is to work in small areas, fill joints with a rubber squeegee or float and compact well, then wait about 15 minutes for the grout to firm up before cleaning off diagonally with a damp sponge. Dunlop products carry a 10 year guarantee subject to conditions.

    Name this source
21. supplier figure RN-3BGBQE

    Dunlop (ARDEX)

    Manufacturer technical data for a water and frost resistant flexible powder grout. Coverage is approximately 0.38 kg/m2 based on a 300 x 300 x 7mm tile with a 3mm joint, with separate figures tabulated for other tile sizes and joint widths such as 200 x 300 x 7mm at 2mm. Application temperature is around 20C and never below 5C. The method sequence: the adhesive must be fully set and dried before grouting; work in small areas filling joints with a rubber squeegee or grout float and compacting well; allow about 15 minutes for the grout to firm up before cleaning off excess with a damp sponge. Tiles can be subject to normal conditions after a minimum of 24 hours, and external work must be protected from weather and frost during application and for at least 24 hours after. The critical instruction for a heated floor: after grouting over underfloor heating the heating must not be turned back on for a minimum of 14 days. Highly polished tiles, soft decorative glazes and metal lustres need a test area first, and a protective sealer where staining occurs.

    Name this source
22. supplier figure RN-P8XZXG

    EcoTherm Insulation (Kingspan Insulation Ltd)

    General purpose foil faced rigid PIR board to BS EN 13165: 2012 + A2: 2016. Thermal conductivity 0.022 W/mK. Declared compressive stress 120 kPa at 10% compression to BS EN 826. Manufactured range 25 to 150 mm, covered by BBA Certificate No 24/7114, made at Pembridge and Selby. Published R-values (m2K/W) with board weights: 25 mm 1.10 (3.38 kg), 30 mm 1.35, 40 mm 1.80, 50 mm 2.25 (5.62 kg), 60 mm 2.70, 70 mm 3.15, 75 mm 3.40, 80 mm 3.60, 90 mm 4.05, 100 mm 4.50 (10.08 kg), 110 mm 5.00, 120 mm 5.45, 125 mm 5.65, 130 mm 5.90, 140 mm 6.35, 150 mm 6.80 (14.54 kg). Maximum board span 600 mm when fixed to timber framing, metal channels, rafters or battens. Fire: Eco-Versal has a Euroclass rating of F.

    Name this source
23. supplier figure RN-RRNGAP

    EGGER

    Manufacturer technical data sheet for water resistant laminate, and the source for what water resistance actually means on a laminate floor. 24 hour water resistance to ISO 4760 gives a qualitative rating after re-drying of less than 3 and a quantitative rating after re-drying of 0.3 mm or less with no water leakage, so the joint swells slightly and recovers rather than being waterproof. Use classes are 32 and 33 with manufacturer warranties of 20 and 25 years in a living area but only 5 years commercial in both cases. Impact resistance to EN 17368 and EN 13329 Annex C is at least 35 mm small ball and 600 mm big ball at class 32, and at least 70 mm and 750 mm at class 33. Thickness swelling to ISO 24336 is 18 per cent or less at class 32 and 15 per cent or less at class 33. Castor chair resistance to EN ISO 4918 is 15,000 cycles at class 32 and 20,000 at class 33. Dimensional tolerances are plus or minus 0.5 mm on length, plus or minus 0.1 mm on width and plus or minus 0.5 mm on thickness.

    Name this source
24. supplier figure RN-V8YMQW

    EGGER

    Manufacturer technical data sheet showing what a laminate use class actually buys. Class of use 31, 32 and 33 carry manufacturer warranties of 15, 20 and 25 years in a living area but only 5 years commercial in every case. Impact resistance to the small and big ball tests is at least 10 mm / 1.8 lbf at class 31, 35 mm / 2.7 lbf at class 32 and 70 mm / 3.37 lbf at class 33. Thickness swelling to ISO 24336 is no more than 18 per cent at classes 31 and 32 and no more than 15 per cent at class 33. Castor chair resistance to EN ISO 4918 is 10,000 cycles at class 31, 15,000 at class 32 and 20,000 at class 33. Total thickness across the listed decors is 7 mm and 8 mm with a thickness tolerance of plus or minus 0.02 inches. EGGER recommends use class 32 and 33 products from 8 mm thickness upwards, and states EGGER AC4 laminates have abrasion resistance of at least 4,000 revolutions, achieving class 32 to EN ISO 10874.

    Name this source
25. supplier figure RN-L2BGAW

    fermacell (James Hardie Europe)

    Manufacturer technical properties for fermacell gypsum fibreboard, a homogeneous gypsum and recycled paper fibre board with no separate paper liner. Thicknesses are 10, 12.5, 15 and 18mm weighing 11.5, 14.5, 17.5 and 21 kg/m2, so 12.5mm fermacell at 14.5 kg/m2 is nearly twice the 8.0 kg/m2 of standard 12.5mm plasterboard. Density is 1150 plus or minus 50 kg/m3. Thermal conductivity (lambda) is 0.32 W/mK. Expansion or contraction from a 30 per cent change in relative humidity at 20C is 0.25 mm per metre, the figure that governs joint detailing on long runs. Reaction to fire is classified to DIN EN 13501-1 and thickness swelling after 24 hours soaking in water is quoted, which is why it is used in wet areas and on floors. The high density is the reason it holds direct fixings and resists impact where plasterboard would not.

    Name this source
26. supplier figure RN-DWOOJP

    Flooring Superstore

    Flooring Superstore, Ashbury Herringbone Natural Oak Brushed & Lacquered Engineered Wood Flooring. Held in the cost register as a price source; the passage quoted against it reads: £34.99 m2 £27.49 m2 Save 21% Price Drop ... 12MM BOARD THICKNESS ... 2MM TOP LAYER ... 1 Pack will cover 1.94 m2 ... Add 1 Pack - £53.33

    Name this source
27. supplier figure RN-8152IX

    Forbo Flooring Systems

    Manufacturer technical specification for Marmoleum linoleum sheet. Total thickness to EN-ISO 24346 is 2.5, 3.2, 3.5 and 4.0 mm across the range. Use classification to EN-ISO 10874 is Class 23 domestic on every thickness, but commercial class steps from 32 at 2.5mm to 34 at 3.2mm and 33 at 3.5 and 4.0mm, and light industrial from 43 down to 41, so thickness buys commercial durability rather than domestic durability. Residual indentation to EN-ISO 24343-1 is a typical 0.08 mm at 2.5mm rising to 0.25 mm at 4.0mm, against a stated limit of 0.15 mm. Flexibility to EN-ISO 24344 is a 40 mm mandrel at 2.5mm, 50 mm at 3.2mm and 60 mm at 4.0mm. Impact sound reduction to EN-ISO 717-2 is up to 5 dB. Cigarette resistance to EN 1399 is stated as no melting of the surface, with marks removable. This is the sheet to cite when a note explains that a thicker linoleum is not automatically a longer lasting domestic floor.

    Name this source
28. supplier figure RN-W9PHY4

    Forterra

    Thermalite Floor Block 4 for beam and block floors. Compressive strength 4 N/mm2, design lambda 0.16 W/mK, dry density 660 kg/m3. Single size: height 215 mm, length 440 mm, width 100 mm, weight 7.7 kg, face dimensions 440 x 215 mm.

    Name this source
29. supplier figure RN-UQ96V5

    Glazing Vision Ltd

    Glazing Vision internal walk-on rooflight, installed flush with the floor finish: span 400mm to 4000mm, upstand pitch 0 degrees minimum and maximum. Standard glass specification withstands regular foot traffic in UK domestic use with a uniformly distributed load of 1.50 kN/m2 and a concentrated load of 2.00 kN applied over a 50 x 50mm square, in accordance with BS EN 1991-1-1:2002. A range of anti-slip finishes is available. Approved by the BBA, with QualiCoat approved aluminium framework.

    Name this source
30. supplier figure RN-9RFNFX

    Helifix (Leviat)

    BowTie is a long stainless steel tie that stabilises bulging walls by securing them into the ends of internal floor joists, with no external pattress plates. The BowTie HD is a heavy duty 12 mm diameter threaded bar with a self-cutting end, used where the wall must be tied back to internal floor joists or roof beams running parallel to it. Self-tapping so timbers do not split, suitable for hardwood, and installed from outside. Kit components: clearance-hole drill bit, BowTies, power support tool, HD Driver, hand support tool, and PolyPlus resin cartridge with extension nozzles and applicator.

    Name this source
31. supplier figure RN-9LL9I8

    IKO PLC

    IKO Hyload Universal damp proof membrane, available as 1200 gauge (300 micron, 0.3mm) or 2000 gauge (500 micron, 0.5mm). Roll lengths 12,500mm and 25,000mm. CE marked. IKO notes this membrane type has been specified as a damp proofing material since 1973. The gauge-to-micron conversion is useful because merchants quote gauge and specifications quote microns.

    Name this source
32. supplier figure RN-WIGZZI

    Interfloor (Duralay)

    Manufacturer technical sheet for an underlay designed for use over underfloor heating. Thermal resistance (R-value) is 0.035 m2K/W with a thermal conductivity of 0.086 W/mK, which converts to roughly 0.35 tog, far below the 0.55 tog of the same maker's Timbermate Excel and well under the 0.8 tog ceiling usually applied to heated floors. Nominal thickness is 3.00 mm to ISO 1765, nominal density 802 kg/m3 and square weight 2407 g/m2, with a roll weighing 36.2 kg. Impact sound reduction (delta Lw) is 21 dB to BS EN ISO 140-8:1998 and BS EN ISO 717-2:1997, slightly less than the 23 dB of the thicker Timbermate Excel, which is the direct trade-off between heat transfer and acoustic performance in an underlay.

    Name this source
33. supplier figure RN-QUZYKL

    Interfloor (Duralay)

    Manufacturer data for a high density resilient rubber acoustic underlay. Thickness is 4.20 mm, sound insulation is 24 dB and heat insulation is 0.33 tog. Interfloor states it is independently tested to a sound reduction rating of 53 Sone, the in-room drum sound measure, which is better than the 56 Sone of the same maker's Timbermate Excel. At 0.33 tog it is close to the 0.35 m2K/W Heatflow underlay in thermal terms so it can go over underfloor heating, while giving 24 dB impact sound reduction against 21 dB for Heatflow and 23 dB for Timbermate Excel. These three figures side by side are what a reader needs to choose an underlay for a flat.

    Name this source
34. supplier figure RN-YHO4LQ

    Interfloor (Duralay)

    Manufacturer technical sheet for a sponge rubber underlay for wood and laminate flooring. Thermal resistance is 0.55 tog, which is below the 0.8 tog ceiling generally recommended for underfloor heating, so heat can pass through rather than being insulated away from the room. Impact sound reduction (delta Lw) is 23 dB. Drum sound emission, the in-room loudness measure that actually decides whether a laminate floor sounds hollow, is 56 Sone. It incorporates a Vapourstop moisture barrier and is stated as suitable for use with underfloor heating. The tog figure is the number to check before laying any underlay over a heated floor.

    Name this source
35. supplier figure RN-5A7R2N

    James Hardie

    Fibre cement tile backer board in 6 mm and 12 mm thicknesses, both 1200 x 800 mm. Weight 9 kg for the 6 mm board and 13.8 kg for the 12 mm board. Reaction to Fire A1 for both. Stated hanging weight capacity 200 kg/m2, for residential projects on timber studs only; commercial projects using metal stud profiles require engineer input. Cut by score and snap or standard power tools and screwed to timber, metal or masonry substructures.

    Name this source
36. supplier figure RN-56MR8S

    James Jones & Sons

    Site rules for erecting JJI-Joists. Solid timber stability blocks must be a minimum 38 x 125 mm, cut squarely to maintain joist spacing and fastened with a minimum of two 3.35 x 65 mm nails; blocks must be fixed to at least three joists and cover a minimum distance of 1200 mm. Temporary bracing uses 22 x 97 mm continuous longitudinal binders and 22 x 97 mm diagonal braces, with the bracing system at one end of the joist run. Joists must be erected straight and vertical, with maximum deviation from horizontal of 10 mm and from vertical of 2 mm. Loading limit during erection: the weight of material placed on a single joist must not exceed 250 kg, reduced to 200 kg for 195 mm deep joists, and timber bearers are recommended to spread the load. A minimum of 675 mm of cured masonry is required before loading. The guide also sets out the conditions that are not permitted and the service hole rules.

    Name this source
37. supplier figure RN-UGYK01

    James Jones & Sons

    The full JJI-Joist design manual. A JJI-Joist is softwood flanges with a 9 mm OSB/3 web. Four flange widths: A+ 47 mm, B+ 63 mm, C 72 mm, D 97 mm. Standard depths 195, 220, 235, 240, 245, 300, 350, 400 and 450 mm, though 195 mm is A+ only and 350-450 mm are D flange only. Section properties, for example JJI 195 A+: bending moment capacity 5.67 kNm, bending stiffness EI 305.1 x 10^9 Nmm2, shear capacity 10.64 kN, shear stiffness GA 1.234 x 10^6 N, end bearing capacity 8.50 kN on a minimum 45 mm bearing. JJI 245 A+ gives 7.54 kNm and EI 518.0; JJI 300 D gives 17.22 kNm and EI 1899.0 with a 45 mm end bearing capacity of 17.54 kN. Maximum service hole diameters are 75.0 mm in 195 and 220 mm joists, 64.0 mm at 245 mm and 32.0 mm at 400 mm outside the hole charts. Also carries acoustic floor build-ups, fire design charring guidance and thermal performance data.

    Name this source
38. supplier figure RN-6TH72Y

    Junckers

    Manufacturer product data for 2-strip solid hardwood flooring, with the thermal figures that decide whether a wood floor can sit over underfloor heating. Thermal conductivity is approximately 0.17 W/mK, giving a thermal resistance of about 0.08 m2K/W at 14 mm and about 0.13 m2K/W at 22 mm, so a thicker board roughly halves the heat getting through. Boards are 14 x 129 mm and 22 x 129 mm, with actual finished dimensions of 13.8 mm and 21.8 mm thick and 128.8 mm wide, all to plus or minus 0.2 mm. Lengths are 1830 and 900 mm at 14 mm, and 3700, 1830 and 900 mm at 22 mm, to plus or minus 1.0 mm. Board ends are right angled to plus or minus 0.3 mm and landing deviation is 0.2 mm locally up to 0.3 mm. The expansion strip is 3 x 8 mm for 22 mm floors and 3 x 4 mm for 14 mm floors, giving a 2 mm joint that varies through the year with relative humidity. Factory lacquer film thickness is a minimum of 40 microns.

    Name this source
39. supplier figure RN-CNWBPI

    Junckers

    Manufacturer installation data for a load bearing solid hardwood batten floor. Only 22 mm 2-strip and 20.5 mm plank floorboards can be nailed to battens and joists. Battens must be plain at a minimum 38 x 56 mm or laminated at a minimum 39 x 40 mm. Joists must be whole, half or laminated timbers of at least 100 x 100 mm where used over ventilation spaces or cellars. The expansion allowance is 1.5 mm per metre of width on each side and 1 mm per metre of length at each end, and all perimeter gaps must be a minimum of 12 mm, or a minimum of 15 mm in the UK, which is the number a fitter must leave under the skirting. A Sylvathene 0.2 mm PE-foil moisture barrier is specified. The system can be combined with underfloor heating subject to the manufacturer's separate datasheet.

    Name this source
40. supplier figure RN-2MA2J2

    Junckers

    Manufacturer product data for solid hardwood plank flooring. Planks are supplied at 15 x 129 mm, 20.5 x 140 mm and 20.5 x 185 mm, factory finished, tongued and grooved on all four sides with a bevelled edge of about 0.5 mm along the length. Lengths run from 600 mm up to 3000 mm depending on grade, with the Nature grade supplied in random lengths from 600 to 2800 mm in 100 mm intervals. Manufacturing tolerances are plus or minus 0.2 mm on thickness, plus or minus 0.4 mm on width at 129 mm and plus or minus 0.5 mm at 140 and 185 mm, with plus or minus 1.0 mm on length. The floor is kiln dried to an average moisture content of 8 per cent plus or minus 2 for Oak and 9 per cent plus or minus 2 for Black Oak, the figure that governs how long a floor must acclimatise before laying. Untreated floors are finish sanded to grit 150. An expansion strip measuring 3 x 8 mm gives a 2 mm wide joint when installed.

    Name this source