Planning & Permissions
152 sources in the library on planning & permissions. Each one says what the document covers and what it is good for. Name a source to see which document it is and where to read it. One at a time. Page 4 of 4.
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Water UK
The Water UK page indexing the Sewerage Sector Guidance, captured on the Wayback Machine because water.org.uk returns 403 to scripted fetches. Page date published 21 April 2023. The document set comprises the main SSG (approved version 2.2, 29 June 2022, later v2b) plus Appendix B Procedures, Appendix C Design and Construction Guidance, Appendix D Minimum Information, Appendix E Model Sewer Adoption Agreement, Appendix F Levels of Service and Reporting, Appendix G Terms of Reference approved by Ofwat, and a transitional principles document, along with published local practice notes from Anglian Water, Southern Water, Thames Water and Wessex Water on sewage pumping stations and, for Thames Water, on easements. Section 1.1 of the SSG states that it is the guidance which companies holding an instrument of appointment as sewerage undertakers under sections 6 or 7 of the Water Industry Act 1991 recommend Ofwat enables under its Code for Adoption, which came into effect on 13 November 2017, and that it contains a draft Model Sewerage Adoption Agreement. Sections 1.2.1 to 1.2.3 confirm sewerage companies are obliged by the Code to comply once Ofwat approves it, that failure may result in investigation and sanction by Ofwat, that it applies to infrastructure covered by a section 104 Water Industry Act agreement, and that it applies to companies operating wholly or mainly in England. IMPORTANT SCOPE POINT: the SSG governs the ADOPTION of new sewerage assets, not the separate build-over-a-sewer consent a homeowner needs, so do not cite it as the authority for a build over agreement.
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CIRIA (Construction Industry Research and Information Association)
The reference work behind every soakaway, permeable driveway and garden drainage decision in the UK, and the document local authority drainage officers work from. CIRIA C753, The SuDS Manual, published December 2015, 964 pages in PDF, ISBN 978-0-86017-759-3, authors Woods Ballard, Wilson, Udale-Clarke, Illman, Scott, Ashley and Kellagher. It is free to CIRIA members and GBP 25 excluding VAT to non-members, so the full text is behind a login but the catalogue page confirms scope and status. It replaced the 2007 SuDS Manual (C697), and the page states expressly that in delivering SuDS there is a requirement to meet the framework set out by the government non-statutory technical standards, which C753 complements while going further to support cost-effective delivery of multiple benefits. It covers planning, design, construction, management and maintenance of SuDS. Cite it as the technical authority when a note explains why a permeable or drained-to-a-soakaway driveway avoids the planning consequence of an impermeable one.
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CIRIA (Construction Industry Research and Information Association)
The UK code of practice for making an existing home resistant to and recoverable from flooding, and free to download after sign-in, which makes it unusually accessible for a CIRIA title. The C790 project produced four outputs a note can name separately: C790A, the Code of practice for property flood resilience, Edition 2, which sets six standards specifying what should be achieved; C790B, Guidance on the code of practice, explaining how each of the six standards should be met across the stages of a property flood resilience delivery process; C790C, Making your property more flood resilient, written for households and businesses; and C790D, Guidance for local authority planners. The code draws the distinction a renovation note should use: resistance measures reduce the amount of water entering a building, and recoverability measures limit the damage caused once water is inside, with the aim of reducing damage and speeding up recovery and reoccupation.
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Considerate Constructors Scheme
A route most UK renovation articles never mention: what a neighbour affected by building work can actually do. The Scheme records all concerns, comments, compliments or complaints about a registered activity regardless of source. Once a concern is reviewed and found to relate to the Code of Considerate Practice, the Scheme informs the activity designated contact, usually the site manager or company contact, and may highlight the relevant parts of the Code. If the person raising it gives permission, their name and contact details are shared so the contact can work with them directly, particularly where compensation may be involved or where they have already been in contact with the site; if permission is not given, the Public Support team liaises on their behalf and the matter is handled confidentially. Crucially, if the construction activity is NOT registered with the Scheme, the Scheme will still contact the relevant organisation and attempt to mediate between the parties, but cannot progress the concern if that organisation does not respond. Contact is by freephone 0333 049 4600 in the UK, 1800 939 109 in the Republic of Ireland, or publicsupport@considerateconstructors.com.
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Anglian Water
A true or false self-assessment checklist that decides whether an application is needed at all for work over or within three metres of a public sewer. The eight criteria: the sewer flows by gravity and is not pumped; the sewer is less than 3 metres deep; the sewer is 150mm diameter or less; the structure is not a new build premises; there are no manholes or access points inside the building before any alterations; the foundations are designed so the sewer is suitably protected; the sewer pipe is not pitch fibre or asbestos cement; and the length of sewer passing under the proposed building does not exceed six metres. The last two apply only where the sewer is actually built over, not where the building is merely close. A false answer on the pumped sewer question is fatal: work near a pumped sewer is never allowed, whatever is submitted. Answer true to all eight and no consultation with Anglian Water is required. Otherwise a build over or near application costs £692 including the Build Over Agreement; a consultation service to resolve any 'not sure' answers costs £163, and that £163 is deducted from the £692 if a full application follows. Submitting an application does not guarantee approval, and approval is especially unlikely if the work is not compliant with Building Regulations Part H4; a copy of the completed self-assessment should be given to the Building Control Body.
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HomeOwners Alliance
Planning application fees across the UK in 2026. England: householder application £258, which also covers full planning permission for significant alterations to an existing house, £578 for a full application to build a house, and £509 for a full application for two or more dwellings, with more per house above 10. Wales: householder £230, and £460 for two or more dwellings, flats, or per dwelling on schemes under 50 dwellings. Scotland: householder £300, new house £600. Northern Ireland: house extension £327, single new house £975. Notes that the Town and Country Planning (Fees for Applications, Deemed Applications, Requests and Site Visits) (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2023 introduced an automatic annual uplift by the previous September's CPI, capped at 10%, and that a government consultation which closed on 24 September 2024 proposed raising the England householder fee from £258 to £528. The Planning Portal adds a £70 including VAT service charge, waived where the planning fee is below £60. Other costs listed include a lawful development certificate £129, drawings £1,000 or more, and a planning consultant £1,000 to £3,000.
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HomeOwners Alliance
Costs, tax and value for a residential annexe. A new detached granny flat costs around £90,000 on average per Checkatrade, varying with size, specification and site. On council tax, an annexe occupied by a relative or by a resident of the main house can attract a 50% discount, to be confirmed with the local council. On value, building an annexe can raise the property's worth by 20% to 30% per Checkatrade, depending on size, finish and location. Also covers when planning permission and building regulations are triggered by self contained accommodation.
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HomeOwners Alliance
How a restrictive covenant can stop an extension even where planning permission is granted. Explains the practical safety valve: where an owner has been in breach for over 12 months without challenge and then wants to sell, restrictive covenant indemnity insurance should normally be available to protect what has been done. States that the conveyancing solicitor is responsible for identifying covenants, so a missed covenant can be taken to the Legal Ombudsman, which can order compensation up to a maximum award of £50,000.
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NI Water
The single entry point for Northern Ireland connection and asset work, listing the applications a homeowner or small developer actually needs: record requests and a site visit to confirm a connection; pre-development enquiry for a single unit, multi unit or commercial scheme; impact assessments including odour assessment; wastewater capacity information; Article 161 applications; new connections; trade effluent and septic tanks; and lead pipe replacement or separation of supply. Charges are set out in the Developer Services Summary Scheme of Charges 2026/27. A practical warning is given that an application posted with insufficient postage is held at the Post Office, NI Water will not pay the shortfall and has no way to notify the customer, so postal applications should be correctly stamped.
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Northern Gas Networks
Timescales and the easement trap. After acceptance and payment NGN has up to 20 working days to review the works and contact the customer with a proposed start date. Reinstatement of most surfaces takes up to 5 working days after the pipe work finishes. Where a gas main or pipeline must be laid, a legal easement has to be granted first: the easement strip carries restrictions, and specifically buildings cannot be placed over the strip; the process runs between NGN's solicitors and the customer's, the easement is registrable at the Land Registry, and the legal process takes on average 4 to 8 weeks. Moving the position of a meter or the service pipe is not DIY work; the Connections team handles quotation, design, alteration and reconnection, and a separate advice route exists for diverting a gas main.
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Northern Ireland Water
NORTHERN IRELAND. NI Water requires a Building Over or Near a Public Sewer Agreement, and its conditions go beyond the England build-over agreement. Drawings must be at a scale of 1:100 or greater and colour code existing public sewers, foul in red, storm in green and combined in magenta, with private drainage in black, plus longitudinal sections showing pipe size, gradient, material, manholes and invert and cover levels to Ordnance Datum Belfast. Where building over the sewer, ONLY SUSPENDED CONCRETE FLOORS are permissible if a concrete floor is proposed. A method statement is required whether or not the pipe is being replaced, and NI Water may require a Structural Engineer's Report at the developer's expense. Critically, where there is any loan or mortgage on the property the LENDER MUST SIGN the agreement before it is returned, and the applicant must hold and provide current home insurance including buildings cover. No work may start until the agreement is authorised and returned. Applications are triaged before payment is requested, and third and subsequent applications on the same sewer leg attract a discount under the Scheme of Charges.
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Northumbrian Water
Three routes to consent for building over or within 3 metres of a sewer: the build meets the consent criteria; minor alterations are made to the network so that it does; or the build falls outside the criteria and a formal legal agreement or a payment in lieu is required. Typical criteria failures named are existing pipework deeper than 2m or an internal diameter larger than 150mm. Option 1, the Building Over Indemnity Undertaking, is a signed and witnessed legal agreement giving Northumbrian Water the right to move all or part of the building for future sewer repair without paying compensation, fee £431.00. Option 2, payment in lieu, buys the same right but with Northumbrian Water fully reinstating the building at its own cost, charged by floor area used for building regulations purposes: under 6 sq m £582 single storey / £966 two storey; 6 to under 10 sq m £682 / £1,165; 10 to under 15 sq m £812 / £1,355; 15 to under 20 sq m £930 / £1,551; 20 to under 30 sq m £1,045 / £1,745; 30 to under 40 sq m £1,167 / £1,939; 40 sq m or over £1,794 / £2,920. A CCTV survey is normally carried out within 15 working days of receiving the completed form and is paid for by the applicant. Minor alterations on small diameter sewers less than 1.05m deep may be done by the homeowner's own builder after an initial site visit, with 48 hours notice for inspection before anything is covered over, fee £120.00; deeper sewers or those over 150mm diameter must be altered by Northumbrian Water's contractors against an estimate agreed in advance. Payments on 0345 850 0514 quoting reference BOS plus house number and postcode.
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Northumbrian Water
Consent is required from Northumbrian Water where there is a public sewer within 3 metres of the proposed work, both to protect the property and the sewer from damage and to preserve future access to the drainage system. The trigger is stated as planning to build within 3 metres of the public sewer. The team is contactable 9am to 4pm Monday to Friday and responds to enquiries within two working days. Applicants are directed to the published charges document before applying.
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Scottish Water
Two separate distances that both bind a build near a water main, with published tables. Access Distance, the legally supported clearance kept in every direction so the main can be repaired, maintained or renewed, measured from the outside of the pipe, with no buildings, structures or development permitted inside it: up to 180mm internal diameter, 3m; over 180mm up to 14 inch/350mm, 4.5m; over 350mm up to 18 inch/450mm, 6m; over 450mm up to 24 inch/600mm, 8m; over 600mm, minimum 10m depending on site conditions. Those minima assume a pipe invert up to 2 metres deep and may increase with depth, difficult topography or a main deeper than 2m; in constrained urban situations NJUG guidelines apply in pavements for small diameter distribution mains, larger mains in constrained urban roads need a risk assessment and method statement, and strategic mains over 600mm need detailed design referencing the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission Pipeline Design Manual. Stand-off Distance is separate: the minimum distance habited property should sit from the main so a burst does not damage it, based on the crater size at the main's operating pressure: 2 bar 2.5m, 4 bar 5.0m, 6 bar 7.5m, 8 bar 10m, 10 bar 12m, 12 bar 14.5m, 14 bar 17m, 16 bar 19.5m, 18 bar 22m. Stand-off distances may be increased where the main is high pressure or deeper than 2m to invert, or where the property is at increased flood or damage risk if the main fails.
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Scottish Water
Scottish Water is a statutory consultee on planning applications: when outline or full planning is submitted the local authority passes the application to Scottish Water, which along with other public bodies may be asked to comment within 21 days. It advises designing both the water supply and public sewer connections as early in the process as possible. Where a proposal affects existing infrastructure, Scottish Water may recommend a slight change to the plans to avoid building over its pipework, or require the pipework to be diverted so it can continue to access and maintain the network. 24 hour reporting line 0800 0778 778.
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Scottish Water
SCOTLAND. Scottish Water is a single public corporation covering all of Scotland, so there is no regional water and sewerage company to approach as in England, and no Thames Water or Severn Trent style build-over agreement process. The page sets out the Single House Connections route for anyone constructing a new domestic property, renovating an existing property, needing a temporary connection or a building water supply, or converting from a private water supply to the public water or sewer network, and stresses planning utility connections at the earliest stage. The process runs in four published stages, Preparing, Applying, Constructing and Completing, supported by a downloadable Single House Connections Guidance document that also covers converting from a private to a public water supply. Contact is 0800 0778 778, 24 hours a day.
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Severn Trent Water
Severn Trent's homeowner route. A Formal Build Over Application is required where the sewer is larger than 150mm, where a manhole must be moved, altered or built over, or where the project fails the self-certification criteria; smaller works can use the self-certification form. The company states it cannot grant approval retrospectively. Review of a formal application takes up to 10 working days, then provisional approval with conditions, then building, then a post-construction CCTV survey report before final approval; any remedial cost falls on the applicant. Permitted development rights and planning permission do not remove the need for the sewer approval, because utility locations are not considered in the planning process. Since the October 2011 private sewer transfer Severn Trent maintains most shared drains and sewers in its region, and most of those transferred pipes do not appear on maps. Advises early contact where the sewer is 300mm diameter or over, as permission may not be granted. A protective strip, measured from the centre of the pipe, must be kept clear for maintenance, sized by pipe diameter.
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Severn Trent Water
The technical rules a builder actually needs. Fees: Class 1 up to and including 150mm sewers £169.50, Class 2 225mm sewers £194.70, Class 3 complex applications at cost. A complete application normally gets a decision within 10 working days. Applies to existing homes extending over small diameter sewers of 100mm to 225mm; not for new-build. Construction rule for both building close to and building over: where foundations come within 1.0m of the sewer at any point they must be taken down below the invert level of the sewer; beyond 1.0m a 45 degree line may be taken from a point one metre clear of the sewer up to the required footing level. The 3.0m proximity is measured from the nearest point of the building including foundations to the centreline of the sewer, and depth is measured to the pipe invert. No pre-works CCTV and electro-location survey is needed for 100mm or 150mm sewers if the position is demonstrated and the foundation shown to be harmless, or for 225mm sewers if the building is no closer than 1 metre; otherwise a survey is required, and a post-works CCTV survey is always required. Any access chamber or rodding eye falling inside the new building must be replaced by a new manhole on the sewer line outside the building, with connections re-laid. Complex cases include a formal easement in the deeds, sewer depth over 3 metres, pressurised rising mains (never permitted to be built over), strategic sewers, and piling or ground stabilisation. All work must comply with Building Regulations 2010 Part H4 and be approved by building control before backfilling. CCTV surveys must follow the WRc Model Contract Document for non-man-entry sewer inspection and the UK Water Industry Manual of Sewer Condition Classification.
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Severn Trent Water
How to get the asset plans that decide whether a build-over application is needed. Water and sewer pipes sit on separate maps, so each dataset is downloaded and charged for separately, with a discount for buying both together; maps are supplied through DigDat, which charges because it overlays detailed utility plans on Ordnance Survey mapping under licence and maintains the asset records. Map charges are set out in the annually updated Charging Arrangement Document. Eligible organisations such as councils, utility companies and government bodies can apply for free statutory access, conditional on proving their role and on not charging the public or reselling the data, which is why a homeowner cannot get the same free access. Severn Trent's Asset Protection team handles planned work near pipes, development queries, ownership questions, insurer-raised issues, sewer defect assessments and subsidence claims.
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Southern Water
Two routes are offered, a self-declaration and a formal approval, with published criteria and fees. Self-declaration criteria include: pipe diameter 225mm or less and less than 3m deep; trench fill foundations designed to be at least 150mm below the pipe invert where within 3m horizontally of the public sewer; a minimum 300mm headroom between the underside of the new floor slab and the crown of the pipe; total coverage of the sewer less than 6 metres including pipework already built over; a minimum 1m width left between the boundary and the proposed extension so the garden is not built across its full width; and, where the sewer passes through a load-bearing wall, a foundation design complying with Part H4 and Southern Water's design criteria. The self-declaration is reviewed within 5 days for completeness and a conditional approval letter follows within the next 2 weeks; relocating a manhole chamber or doing minor pipe repairs adds an £84 inspection fee. Formal applications include a CCTV survey in the fee, and £200 is refunded if the applicant supplies their own compliant CCTV survey or if no survey turns out to be needed. A Sewer Protection Agreement carries a separate legal fee of approximately £250 for domestic or residential property and £400 for commercial. Required drawings: existing and proposed site plan at 1:100 or larger showing sewers and manholes, a site location plan at 1:1250 or larger, and a cross-section foundation design at 1:100 or larger. Practical location tips for homeowners: check the deeds, look for manholes and ask neighbours, trace the line and cautiously dig a trial hole, and run a tap or flush drain tracing dye and watch a manhole with a torch to establish direction of flow.
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Thames Water
Sets the trigger distances: an application is likely to be needed if you are building within 3 metres of a public sewer, or within 1 metre of the point where the pipe serving only your property crosses the boundary and becomes a public lateral drain. States plainly that planning permission does not grant permission to build over a sewer or drain, and that work should not start before the agreement is in place because the design may have to change. For a wholly new property, including a car port or shed not attached to the house, Thames Water requires the sewer to be diverted rather than built over. Liability for damage caused to sewers or drains during construction rests with the property owner. Asset maps can be viewed free of charge by appointment at Clearwater Court, Vastern Road, Reading RG1 8DB, or bought from utility search companies or the Property Searches department.
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Thames Water
The document checklist to assemble before applying, because an incomplete submission delays the application: a location plan; existing and proposed building and drainage plans; a sectional drawing showing the proposed foundations against the sewer. Additional items where they apply: proof of disability benefit to claim the fee discount, a piling method statement if using piled foundations, and structural calculations if using a raft. Thames Water notes the plans an architect prepares for building regulations are usually not the same as those needed here, and publishes example drawings to hand to the architect or structural engineer.
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Thames Water
Thames Water's homeowner build-over process, with its published 2026 fee scale and timescales. Three classes by sewer internal diameter: Class 1 £130 (175mm or less), Class 2 £490 (176mm to 350mm), Class 3 £585 (over 350mm) plus additional legal costs starting at £1,000. Class 1 and Class 2 agreements are usually issued within 21 days of receipt of all required information; Class 3 involves legal contracts and the full process can take more than 3 to 6 months. Class 2 fees include pre- and post-construction CCTV surveys; Class 3 adds two surveys by an approved contractor plus impact assessments. Applicants on disability benefit get a £130 discount on proof of entitlement (DWP letter or Blue Badge). Retrospective applications are accepted but need a CCTV or on-site survey to prove no damage, and may be refused if the pipework was not protected to specification. Self-service sewer diversion is offered where the internal diameter is 150mm or less, with a refundable £2,000 cash deposit returned after satisfactory post-construction inspection. Every application needs a location plan, an existing and proposed drainage layout showing manholes and flow direction, and a sectional drawing of the foundations against the sewer with invert levels; piling foundations need a piling method statement and raft foundations need structural calculations.
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The Leasehold Advisory Service (LEASE)
What a leaseholder must do before altering a flat. Landlord consent may be needed even where planning permission and building regulations approval are already held. Alterations include structural work such as removing a wall or extending, non structural work such as moving radiators or replacing carpet with wooden floors, and safety critical work such as replacing a flat entrance fire door or changing gas pipes or wiring. Leases either prohibit alterations, allow them, allow them with written consent, or allow them subject to licence conditions such as approving contractors, proof of building regulations compliance, or a deed varying the lease. Flags the demised versus retained premises distinction: the landlord usually owns the roof, external walls, structural walls, shared floors and ceilings, chimneys and flues, so a dormer, skylight, balcony, knock through or wood burner flue touches retained premises. Common restrictive clauses are 'no cutting of external walls' and 'floors must be carpeted'. Where consent is required, the landlord must reply in writing, must not refuse without reasonable grounds, and must state reasons, unless retained premises are involved. Allow the landlord a reasonable response period, suggested as around 2 weeks. Consent fees are administration charges, so must be reasonable and accompanied by a summary of rights. Charging a premium for non structural alterations requiring consent is unlawful, but for work affecting retained premises a premium based on a share of the uplift in value can be charged, with no legal cap and no tribunal challenge. Unauthorised alterations run with the land, bind a later owner, and make the flat harder to sell, remortgage or insure.
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The Leasehold Advisory Service (LEASE)
The Section 20 consultation thresholds and stages. Consultation is required for qualifying works, meaning repairs, maintenance and improvements costing any one leaseholder more than £250 including VAT, such as roof repair or lift replacement; for a qualifying long term agreement lasting more than 12 months and costing any one leaseholder more than £100 a year including VAT; and for qualifying works of more than £250 under an existing long term agreement. Where service charge shares are unequal the test is applied to the flat paying the largest share. Excluded from qualifying long term agreements are 12 month contracts renewed annually such as buildings insurance and managing agent contracts, employment contracts such as a caretaker, and agreements between a holding company and its subsidiary. The process runs three stages: notice of intention, statement of estimates or notice of proposals, and notice of reasons for awarding the contract; work under an existing long term agreement has only one stage. The response deadline runs from the 'date of the notice', which the tribunal has ruled is usually 2 working days after posting.
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Wessex Water
A set charge of £325 (non-refundable) applies to applications to build over or near a public sewer. The submission needs a plan and a sectional drawing showing the type and depth of the proposed foundations, with structural calculations where the chosen foundation type requires them. Wessex Water normally expects strip or trench fill foundations wherever possible, and treats raft, piling and cantilever footings as designs needing extra justification. Work must not start on site until formal approval is granted. Where piling foundations are used, Wessex Water carries out a post-works CCTV survey; other further inspections are undertaken by the council's building control. The company recommends locating the sewers well in advance of starting any building work.
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Wessex Water
Six criteria which, if all met, let a homeowner build near (not over) a public sewer without notifying Wessex Water at all. Development type must be a single new dwelling, a domestic extension, a domestic garage or minor outbuilding, or a single block of flats; multiple dwelling developments and multiple unit industrial or retail schemes are excluded. Foundation type must be strip, trench or pad footing; raft, piling and cantilever footings are not eligible. Foundations must be a minimum of 500mm (0.5m) clear from the edge of the closest public sewer including the outer wall of any chambers. Foundations installed between 500mm and 2000mm clear of the sewer must be taken to a depth below the bottom of the sewer pipe. The sewer must be gravity-based (foul, rainwater or combined), meaning an open pipe visible in the manhole rather than the fully enclosed pipe of a pumped system. The sewer must not be strategic; strategic sewers typically run 12 inches (300mm) diameter or greater but can be smaller, and Wessex Water will check its records on 01225 526333. If all six are met, save the printable PDF of the conditions for the record and give a copy to building control, and keep photos and drawings as evidence.
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Yorkshire Water
Consent is needed before starting building work over or within 3 metres of a public sewer. If a Building Regulations application has been made, the local authority building control consults Yorkshire Water on the applicant's behalf and the applicant should ask for a copy of the response; without a Building Regulations application, a direct build-over enquiry can be submitted for an upfront fee. Fees: £144 for a desktop study only, £449 for a desktop study plus site inspection. Acknowledgement within 5 working days of application and payment; the technical assessment takes about 14 days and checks the location and condition of nearby assets, past blockages, and land rights such as easements and protected strips. Hard limits: no building over any access point (manhole, gully or inspection chamber), and nothing near pipes larger than 225mm diameter or deeper than 3m. Minor alterations, meaning removing or relocating a manhole, gully or inspection chamber, altering chamber levels, or replacing pipework, are only permitted on pipes inside the property boundary up to 225mm diameter, less than 3m deep and no more than 20m long; anything bigger, deeper or a rising main needs a sewer diversion instead. A property built after 2011 may have unadopted pipework, and a NAV rather than Yorkshire Water may be the sewerage provider. Contact technical.sewerage@yorkshirewater.co.uk. The acceptance letter should be kept for building regulations and for sale of the property.
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Yorkshire Water
Who is allowed to do which part of a water or drainage connection, which decides whether the job can go to a general builder. Work that must be done by a competent contractor includes laying a water supply pipe inside the property boundary, and laying new or replacement sewers or making new sewer connections in either private or public land. Work that can go either way includes new water mains and connections serving a development, which can be done by Yorkshire Water directly or by an accredited self-lay provider subject to acceptance, with adoption agreements governed by Ofwat's Codes for Adoption and Yorkshire Water taking ownership of new assets in the public highway on completion. For a single property or a small development, given as fewer than six properties, Yorkshire Water connects to the existing main. No connection may be made to the public water or sewer network without approval, and where the work crosses third-party land the affected landowner's consent is needed first. The statutory routes are named: Section 45 for water connections to the public main, Section 62 for permanent disconnection, Section 106 for sewer connections and Section 115 for highway drainage connections. Water connections enquiries wbu.service.centre@yorkshirewater.co.uk, 8am to 5pm Monday to Friday.
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Glazing Vision Ltd
Glazing Vision PitchGlaze conservation roof window: width 300mm to 3000mm. Tested performance: air permeability EN 12207 Class 4 at plus/minus 750 Pa; watertightness EN 12208 Class E750 at 750 Pa; wind resistance EN 12210 Class E2400, plus/minus 2400 Pa serviceability and plus/minus 3600 Pa safety. Note the higher test pressures than the flat Flushglaze rooflight, which is tested to Class 4 at 600 Pa and Class 9A at 600 Pa.
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Heaps, Arnold & Heaps Ltd
UK lead came manufacturer's size range, for came dimensions in leaded light and stained glass notes. Flat leaf came 3 mm to 25 mm face width (3/16 inch to 3/4 inch in imperial), oval or round leaf came 4 mm to 20 mm. Narrow heart came 3 mm to 4 mm, wide heart 6 mm to 7 mm. Profiles include flat, round, U, C and Y, narrow and wide heart, steel-reinforced, arrow/corner and suncatcher. Extruded at their UK facility, supplied in 1.8 m (6 ft) lengths or coils. NOTE: heapsarnold.com is not currently in the maker allowlist in scripts/quality/sources.mjs, so verify-notes.mjs rejects it until this row lands in the reference book.
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VELUX Company Ltd
VELUX Heritage conservation roof window, a slim flush-fitting window resembling a traditional cast iron attic window. Glazing 01 Comfort double glazed: whole-window Uw 1.3 W/(m2K), g-value 0.56, 35 dB. Glazing 02 Better Comfort double glazing using advanced vacuum-insulated technology: Uw 1.1 W/(m2K), g-value 0.54, 37 dB. Note the vacuum unit reaches triple-glazing Uw in a double-glazed thickness, which is the point of it for conservation work. VELUX recommends a window-to-floor ratio of 15-20% for roof windows (25-30% where overshadowed) to meet EN 17037 median daylight.