References

Steel & Structural Timber

152 sources in the library on steel & structural timber. Each one says what the document covers and what it is good for. Name a source to see which document it is and where to read it. One at a time. Page 2 of 4.

1. strong RN-A24FBY

   BSI (BSI Knowledge catalogue)

   Dated 15 May 2003, this is the standard that defines the C and D strength classes used for UK structural timber, including C16 and C24. Its scope establishes a system of strength classes for general use in structural codes, provides the characteristic strength, stiffness and density values for each class, and gives the rules for allocating timber populations (combinations of species, source and grade) to the classes. It applies to all softwood and hardwood timber for structural use, so it is the authority for what the C in C16 and C24 actually means and why C24 is the stiffer and stronger class.

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2. good RN-9GR88V

   SCI and BCSA (steelconstruction.info)

   Describes the hot rolled open sections used in UK construction: universal beams (UB), universal columns (UC), parallel flange channels (PFC), equal and unequal angles, and circular, square and rectangular structural hollow sections. Sections are designated by a serial size (nominal section depth and flange width) plus a weight per metre, which is why a beam is quoted as, for example, 203 x 133 x 25 UB. Dimensions for UB, UC and PFC are given in BS EN 10365, angles in BS EN 10056, and design and detailing dimensions in SCI publication P363 (the Blue Book). Hot rolled open sections are produced in lengths up to about 25 m, and S355 is the grade most commonly used in construction.

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3. good RN-2G86BS

   SCI and BCSA (steelconstruction.info)

   The Blue Book, SCI publication P363, is the standard UK source of steel section property data and member resistance tables used to select a beam or column quickly. It covers hot rolled open sections (beams, columns, channels and angles) and hollow sections, plus resistance data for bolts and welds. The latest printed edition gives resistances for grades S275 and S355, while the interactive online version extends to S460 for open sections and further grades for hollow sections. The current edition tables comply with the UK version of Eurocode 3 parts 1-1, 1-5 and 1-8 with their UK National Annexes, and the interactive version also carries design information to the superseded BS 5950. This is where a stated capacity for, say, a 203 x 133 x 25 UB comes from.

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4. good RN-VZF58I

   Structural Timber Association

   The Structural Timber Association definition and figures for timber frame. Timber frame relies on a factory manufactured timber frame as the means of structural support, carrying the loads imposed by the floors and roofs before transmitting them to the foundations, so the outer brick skin is a cladding rather than the structure. Market figures: timber frame is about 23 per cent of new UK home builds and about 85 per cent of the Scottish housing market. Open panel systems comprise studs, rails, sheathing on one face and a breather membrane, achieving U-values from 0.26 down to 0.15 W/m2K. Closed panel systems comprise studs, rails and insulation with sheathings or linings on the faces, achieving U-values from 0.25 down to 0.10 W/m2K, and can include pre-fitted windows and service zone battens. Offsite manufacture is cited as reducing build programmes.

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5. good RN-FITI8H

   The Concrete Society

   The index to the Concrete Society technical library and the place to check a concrete claim against an industry-independent source. Four publication families are listed: Technical Reports giving in-depth guidance on design, construction, maintenance and innovation (for example TR43, Post-tensioned concrete floors design handbook, at GBP 85 full price and GBP 51 to members, and Discussion Document DD51 on calcined clay as a supplementary cementitious material, free to all); Good Concrete Guides on practical aspects (GCG8, Concrete practice, and GCG11, Digital monitoring and measurement of fresh concrete); Advice Sheets on specific topics such as no-fines concrete and brushed and tamped surface finishes; and Fingertips, short free reference pages covering masonry densities, cold joints, consistence tolerance and the slump test, floated and trowelled finishes, core testing for compressive strength, delamination of concrete floor surfaces and hot weather concreting. The Society also runs an advisory service of engineers and concrete technologists giving impartial advice to members, including desk studies and site visits. The Fingertips pages are the freely readable part and carry real figures; the Technical Reports are mostly paid.

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6. good RN-8TA2LQ

   The Concrete Society

   A free, citable data sheet giving the density ranges a note needs when explaining block types or estimating dead load. Published 3 June 2025 and filed under Buildings, Domestic (low rise). Dense aggregate blocks have a density in the range 1,800 to 2,100 kg/m3. Lightweight aggregate blocks, also called medium dense, are in the range 650 to 1,500 kg/m3. Aircrete blocks are in the range 400 to 900 kg/m3. Concrete bricks are 1,900 to 2,100 kg/m3 for Commons, Facing and Engineering quality, and 1,400 kg/m3 for lightweight bricks. The sheet points onward to the Concrete Block Association and the Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Products Association for more detail.

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7. fair RN-JE7874

   HomeOwners Alliance

   Garage conversion costs and the headroom constraint. A 15 m2 conversion averages around £14,250, with a typical range of £8,500 to £20,000 depending on structural changes, plumbing and new services. Virgin Money estimates converting a garage into an ensuite bedroom can add 20% to a property's value. On dimensions, the finished floor needs to sit about 15cm above external ground level and around 2.2m to 2.4m of headroom is needed above it, so a low garage ceiling may have to be raised.

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8. fair RN-CTC3GA

   Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)

   Makes the case that stairs built to BS 5395-1:2010 cut the chance of a fall by 60% compared with stairs built only to the Building Regulations minimum, because the standard sets tighter going and rise dimensions, slip resistance and handrail provision. RoSPA has campaigned since 2022 for the standard to be made mandatory in new homes, and estimates that doing so could save the NHS up to £5 million a year through avoided accidents. Useful when specifying a new loft or extension staircase above the regulatory floor.

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9. fair RN-3S3AIR

   Shelter England

   Splits repairing liability in a leasehold flat. The leaseholder is usually responsible for everything inside the flat, including internal plumbing and wiring, plasterwork and floorboards, paintwork and decoration, and furniture and appliances. The freeholder or management company is usually responsible for the structure, exterior and common parts, recharged through the service charge. Confirms the consultation triggers that apply before the leaseholder can be charged: £250 in total for a one off set of works, and £100 per year for work or services under an agreement running over a year.

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10. fair RN-5NZUHF

    Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings

    Marianne Suhr and Sally Stradling on diagnosing and repairing fireplaces, flues and chimneys in old domestic buildings, including fire risk, alterations and energy efficiency. Dimensional guidance includes a 300mm (12 inch) diameter flue 3m (10 ft) high, an iron or copper canopy finishing about 750mm above the fire bed and measuring roughly 900mm wide by 600mm deep, reducing a fireplace opening height to 600mm, a restricted throat 100mm (4 inches) from the back of the grate, and traditional grouped flues of about 225 by 225mm (9 by 9 inches) with slender withes between them. Historic parging used lime or earth with fresh cow dung, mixes cited as 1 part lime putty to 3 parts cow dung, sometimes 1:1, and 1 part cow dung to 4 parts haired lime mortar made from 1 part lime to 3 parts sand. Also covers downdraught from a nearby tall building, tree or hill, spalling, and combustion air inlet sizing.

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11. fair RN-2GQRWD

    University of Bath

    Peer-reviewed measurement of a real hemp-lime building (Lawrence, Fodde, Paine and Walker, Key Engineering Materials 517, 2012, pages 413 to 421). Findings: the unique pore structure of the woody core of the hemp stem, the shiv, gives hemp-lime both low thermal conductivity and thermal and hygric buffering, so the wall damps swings in external temperature and passively controls internal humidity; the monolithic construction technique promotes good airtightness and minimal thermal bridging in the envelope. The paper also reports a computerised environmental model that accounts for the phase change effects seen in hemp-lime, which conventional steady-state U-value modelling misses. Material context: the hemp plant grows up to 4m in four months with low fertiliser and irrigation demand, and every part is used, the seed for food, the bast fibre for paper, clothing and resin reinforcement, and the woody core as the aggregate in hemp-lime.

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12. fair RN-YS3JJU

    University of Bath

    Tests how the mix itself controls hemp-lime performance (Construction and Building Materials vol 159, pages 9-17, 2018). Both the binder to aggregate ratio and the aggregate particle size distribution were shown to affect compressive strength, flexural strength and thermal conductivity, so a hempcrete wall's numbers are a function of the recipe, not of the material category. The material is anisotropic in both behaviour and internal structure, meaning results differ by direction of loading, and the effect of binder to aggregate ratio is itself directionally dependent, indicating different failure mechanisms in opposing loading directions. A new image analysis method was used to study the internal topology. Practical consequence: hemp-lime properties must be specified and tested for the intended orientation and mix, and cannot be lifted from a generic figure.

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13. fair RN-ITODXA

    University of Salford, Energy House Labs

    Cross-cutting findings from the Innovate UK funded Future Homes project, worth £3.54m in its initial phase plus a £1.4m extension, covering 52 product evaluations and business assists. Off-site timber frame systems demonstrated predictable fabric performance and reduced the performance gap. Heating system trials showed all the technologies tested can work, but stressed the critical importance of correct sizing, design, commissioning and continuous-heating regimes for low-temperature systems, which is the single most common failure mode in domestic heat pump installations. Indoor air quality studies revealed significant risks in airtight homes without active ventilation and concluded regulation needs to evolve. Smart home and customer-facing technology needs simplifying to be usable. Ongoing work covers assessing ventilation methods in homes with higher airtightness, emissions from building materials under future higher ambient temperatures, and ventilation system performance in hot outdoor conditions. Published studies from the programme include a comparison of SAP assumptions against measured U-value and airtightness in pre-1919 dwellings, and a study of the insulative effect of snow on flat roofs under extreme conditions.

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14. supplier figure RN-P6TYP0

    A. Proctor Group

    Airtight and vapour permeable wall breather membrane to BS EN 13859-2:2010. Roll 1.5 m x 50 m, thickness 0.4 mm, mass per unit area EN 1849-2 100 g/m2. Water vapour resistance EN 12572 Sd 0.02 m. Water penetration EN 1928 Class W1 before and after ageing. Tensile strength EN 12311-1 MD 240 N, CD 125 N before ageing and MD 200 N, CD 110 N after; tear resistance EN 12310-1 MD 100 N, CD 120 N; elongation MD 60%, CD 70% before ageing. Reaction to Fire EN 11925-2 Class E. BBA Certificate No. 24/7182.

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15. supplier figure RN-3DHBE5

    Ancon (Leviat)

    Ancon ST1, a Type 1 heavy duty tie to PD 6697, suits cavities 50 mm to 225 mm and any building height anywhere in the British Isles, with drip holes in the cavity span so one tie works in insulated and open cavities. ST1 lengths: 200 mm for 50-75 mm, 225 for 76-100, 250 for 101-125, 275 for 126-150, 300 for 150-175, 325 for 176-200, 350 for 201-225. Type 1 performance is declared in M2 mortar. Staifix RT2, Type 2 general purpose, covers 50-150 mm cavities in domestic and small commercial buildings up to 15 m, lengths 200/225/250/275 mm across the same cavity bands, UKCA and CE marked and usable to NHBC standards. HRT4 is the Type 4 light duty tie. The Teplo BF1 to BF4, Teplo-BFR and Teplo-R basalt fibre ties are the low thermal conductivity option.

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16. supplier figure RN-4LBQDA

    Ancon (Leviat)

    Ancon recommend a tie length that gives between 62.5 mm and 75 mm of embedment in each leaf. Full masonry-to-masonry table of cavity width against tie length in mm: 50-75 needs 200; 76-100 needs 225; 101-125 needs 250; 126-150 needs 275; 151-175 needs 300; 176-200 needs 325; 201-225 needs 350; 226-250 needs 375; 251-275 needs 400; 276-300 needs 425; 301-325 needs 450; 326-350 needs 475; 351-375 needs 500; 376-400 needs 525; 401-425 needs 550; 426-450 needs 575. Spacing is referred to PD 6697:2019.

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17. supplier figure RN-XD9UH1

    Ancon (Leviat)

    Background figure: ties before 1978 were usually galvanised mild steel and some corroded within 15 to 20 years, expanding to seven times their original thickness and cracking brickwork at the bed joints. Product lengths by cavity. Ancon 63 Mechanical/Mechanical MM63, 12 mm diameter holes: 200 mm for 45-70 mm cavity, 225 for 71-95, 250 for 96-120, 300 for 145-170. Ancon 63 Resin/Mechanical RM63 for perforated, low density or friable inner leaves, 11 mm holes: 200 mm for 35-60, 225 for 61-85, 250 for 86-110, 300 for 135-160. Staifix Resin/Resin: 10 mm hole normally, 12 mm where a sieve or test facility is needed; 180 mm for 40-60, 200 for 61-80, 220 for 81-100, 240 for 101-120, 260 for 121-140, 280 for 141-160. Stairib ribbed bar in 6 mm (10 mm hole) or 8 mm diameter (12 mm hole). AC 31 for replaced outer-leaf bricks: 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300 mm; AC 31C cranked 25 mm in 175, 200, 225 mm. Teplo-BFR basalt fibre remedial tie has a thermal conductivity of only 0.7 W/mK, 7 mm bar in a 10 mm hole.

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18. supplier figure RN-6KX51G

    Ancon (Leviat)

    Three ways of joining new masonry to an existing wall. The Universal Wall Starter kit contains two channel sections plus all ties, plugs and screws to join a single skin of masonry 2.4 metres high to an existing wall. The Staifix Starter Tie is a screw-in tie supplied with an 8 mm nylon plug, used without cutting joints, aimed at conservatories, extensions and garden walls. The Staifix Cavity Starter Tie is a screw-in tie with an 8 mm nylon plug and a neoprene o-ring for building an inner leaf of blockwork inside an existing structure.

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19. supplier figure RN-7JIF4X

    Ancon (Leviat)

    Staifix tie lengths by cavity width. HRT4 (Type 4 / Type A, replaces the butterfly tie): 200 mm for 50-75 mm cavity, 225 mm for 76-100, 250 mm for 101-125, 275 mm for 126-150. RT2 general purpose (Type 2, replaces the double triangle tie): same four lengths for the same four cavity bands. Staifix-Thor Helical TJ2 hammer-driven tie for thin joint blockwork: 205 mm at 50 mm cavity, 230 at 75, 255 at 100, 280 at 125, 305 at 150. STF6 timber frame tie (Type 6) suits 50, 75 and 100 mm cavities and comes with an annular ring shank nail. HRT4 is limited to external walls of houses not over 10 m high, and is a Type A tie for internal separating walls of any height. RT2 covers houses and small commercial up to 15 m but is unsuitable for internal separating walls of new attached dwellings. All austenitic stainless steel with safety ends and multiple drips. Field of use is set by PD 6697 table 12, BS 5268-6.1 and Approved Document E.

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20. supplier figure RN-BDMJI6

    Birtley Lintels (Birtley Group)

    CB70 standard duty cavity wall lintel, cavity 70-85 mm, outer leaf 100 mm, inner leaf 100 mm. Explicitly not suitable for point loads or concrete floors. SWL/UDL by length band: 750-1200 mm 15 kN, 108 mm high, 5.8 kg/m; 1350-1500 mm 15 kN, 108 mm, 7.1 kg/m; 1650-2100 mm 20 kN, 143 mm, 8.3 kg/m; 2250-2400 mm 22 kN, 148 mm, 10.1 kg/m; 2550-3000 mm 26 kN, 185 mm, 11.5 kg/m; 3150-3900 mm 26 kN, 201 mm, 14 kg/m. Supergalv coating to EN 1461, high strength structural steel to EN 10025-2, fire tested to BS 476-20:1987. No baseplate and no factory-fitted insulation, which Birtley say reduces thermal bridging.

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21. supplier figure RN-H7BYWA

    Birtley Lintels (Birtley Group)

    HD90 heavy duty cavity wall lintel, cavity 90-105 mm, outer leaf 100 mm, inner leaf 100 mm, requiring solid fully jointed blockwork infill to the inner leaf. SWL/UDL by length band: 750-1800 mm 70 kN, 231 mm high, 14.8 kg/m; 1950-2400 mm 60 kN, 231 mm; 2550-2700 mm 60 kN, 232 mm, 17.6 kg/m; 2850-3000 mm 55 kN; 3150-3600 mm 45 kN; 3750-4200 mm 40 kN; 4350-4800 mm 35 kN; 4950-5100 mm 25 kN. Birtley state their standard cavity lintels deliver up to a 55% improvement on the SAP default thermal bridging value.

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22. supplier figure RN-7HA8QN

    Birtley Lintels (Birtley Group)

    HDX90 extra heavy duty cavity wall lintel, cavity 90-105 mm, outer leaf 100 mm, inner leaf 100 mm, requiring solid fully jointed blockwork infill to the inner leaf. SWL/UDL by length band: 750-2100 mm 100 kN; 2250-3300 mm 80 kN; 3450-4200 mm 70 kN; 4350-4800 mm 60 kN; 4950-5100 mm 45 kN. Height is a constant 236 mm and weight a constant 23.3 kg/m across the range. Fire tested to BS 476-20:1987.

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23. supplier figure RN-N8JBF3

    Birtley Lintels (Birtley Group)

    SB100 standard duty internal wall box lintel for loadbearing internal block walls (plastered), 100 mm wall, insulated version available. SWL/UDL by length band: 750-1500 mm 15 kN, 76 mm high, 4.9 kg/m; 1650-1800 mm 20 kN, 142 mm, 6.7 kg/m; 1950-2700 mm 20 kN, 144 mm, 8.3 kg/m; 2850-3600 mm 25 kN, 215 mm, 10.8 kg/m; 3750-4500 mm 30 kN, 215 mm, 13 kg/m; 4650-4800 mm 28 kN; 4950-5100 mm 24 kN. Birtley hot-dip galvanize after fabrication, which they say gives up to 50% more zinc protection than other approved coatings.

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24. supplier figure RN-GAYUS9

    Birtley Lintels (Birtley Group)

    Supatherm thermally broken steel lintels. Psi values in W/mK, calculated on a 100 mm cavity with full fill insulation and a 0.45 W/mK block. ST90 by length: 750-1050 mm 0.098 to 0.057; 1200-1350 mm 0.053 to 0.048; 1500-1650 mm 0.043 to 0.039; 1800-2100 mm 0.06 to 0.052; 2250-2400 mm 0.048 to 0.043; 2550 mm 0.039; 2700-3000 mm 0.055 to 0.051; 3300-3900 mm 0.037 to 0.031. ST90HD at 1800 mm is 0.04 and ST90HDX at 1800 mm is 0.043. Birtley claim up to 80% reduction in heat loss against a standard cavity lintel, improving DFEE by up to 3% and DER by over 1%. Cavity widths 90 to 150 mm, lengths 750 to 3900 mm, hot dip galvanized to EN 1461, CE marked to BS EN 845-2.

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25. supplier figure RN-54TISI

    British Steel

    Dimensions and properties for Advance UK equal angles. Sample rows: 120 x 120 x 8 weighs 14.7 kg/m, area 18.7 cm2, root radius 13 mm, toe radius 6.5 mm, distance to centre of gravity 3.23 cm, Ixx and Iyy 256 cm4, Iuu 411 cm4, Ivv 107 cm4; 120 x 120 x 15 weighs 26.6 kg/m with I 445 cm4; 150 x 150 x 10 weighs 23.0 kg/m, area 29.3 cm2, I 624 cm4, Iuu 990 cm4. Sections are CE and UKCA marked and the mill is BES 6001 certified.

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26. supplier figure RN-ENAME5

    British Steel

    Dimensions and properties for Advance UK parallel flange channels to BS EN 10365. Sample rows: 150 x 75 x 18 weighs 17.9 kg/m, depth 150 mm, width 75 mm, web 5.5 mm, flange 10.0 mm, root radius 12 mm, Ixx 861 cm4, Iyy 131 cm4, radius of gyration x-x 6.15 cm; 200 x 90 x 30 weighs 29.7 kg/m with Ixx 2523 cm4; 300 x 100 x 46 weighs 45.5 kg/m, web 9.0 mm, flange 16.5 mm, Ixx 8229 cm4, Iyy 568 cm4. Serial sizes run 125 x 65 up to 430 x 100, supplied in S355 JR, J0, J2 and K2 with a carbon equivalent of 0.43%. CE and UKCA marked, BES 6001 certified.

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27. supplier figure RN-OOII18

    British Steel

    Dimensions and properties for Advance UK unequal angles. Sample rows: 200 x 100 x 10 weighs 23.0 kg/m, area 29.2 cm2, root radius 15 mm, toe radius 7.5 mm, Cx 6.93 cm, Cy 2.01 cm, Ixx 1219 cm4, Iyy 210 cm4, Iuu 1290 cm4, Ivv 135 cm4; 200 x 100 x 15 weighs 33.7 kg/m with Ixx 1759 cm4; 200 x 150 x 12 weighs 32.0 kg/m, area 40.8 cm2, Ixx 1653 cm4, Iyy 803 cm4.

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28. supplier figure RN-A3CAFY

    British Steel

    S460M high-strength sections produced to EN 10025-4. Minimum yield strength falls with nominal thickness: 460 MPa at up to 16 mm, 440 MPa over 16 to 40 mm, 430 MPa over 40 to 63 mm, 410 MPa over 63 to 80 mm, 400 MPa over 80 to 100 mm and 385 MPa over 100 to 125 mm. Tensile strength Rm 540-720 MPa up to 40 mm, 530-710 over 40 to 63 mm, 510-690 over 63 to 80 mm, 500-680 over 80 to 100 mm, 490-660 over 100 to 125 mm. Minimum elongation A is 17% on Lo = 5.65 root So. Chemical composition limits include carbon 0.18%, manganese 1.70%, silicon 0.60%, and carbon equivalent values from 0.45 to 0.48 by thickness. Flange thickness available up to 80 mm.

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29. supplier figure RN-01X805

    Buckland Timber

    Buckland make GL24h glulam from imported timber and GL20h from home grown UK timber, to BS EN 14080:2013. Characteristic values in N/mm2: GL20h bending 20, tension parallel 16, tension perpendicular 0.5, compression parallel 20, compression perpendicular 2.5, shear 3.5, E0,mean 8400, E0,05 700, E90,mean 300, Gmean 650, density 370 kg/m3. GL24h bending 24, tension parallel 19.2, E0,mean 11500, E0,05 9600, density 420 kg/m3. GL28h bending 28, tension 22.3, E0,mean 12600, density 460 kg/m3. GL30h bending 30, E0,mean 13600. Standard widths 100 to 520 mm; appearance grades govern crack tolerance, with top layer cracks up to 2 mm accepted on the middle grade. Span table for simply supported GL24h beams, allowable span in metres by section and load width: 100 x 200 spans 3.22 m as a floor beam at 2 m load width and 3.76 m as a roof beam; 140 x 400 spans 7.20 m floor and 8.41 m roof at 2 m; 160 x 480 spans 9.08 m floor and 10.56 m roof at 2 m, falling to 6.89 m and 8.05 m at 4.5 m load width. Beams available up to 235 x 1600 mm x 25 m.

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30. supplier figure RN-22KZFP

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    ANG single leaf angle lintel for solid wall construction, outer leaf 100-102 mm, no cavity. SWL total UDL on 150 mm end bearings: 4 kN at 900-1200 mm, 5 kN at 1350-1500 mm, 7 kN at 1650-2100 mm, 10 kN at 2250-2400 mm, 15 kN from 2550 mm to 3900 mm. Nominal height steps 88 mm, 131 mm, 167 mm, 215 mm and 213 mm. Weight 2.42 kg at 900 mm to 36.5 kg at 3900 mm. Lengths 900-2400 mm are supplied galvanised; 2550-3900 mm come in black duplex coating as standard.

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31. supplier figure RN-VZYHTV

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    BHD140 heavy duty closed box lintel for internal load bearing walls of 140 mm. SWL total UDL: 29 kN from 1050 mm to 1500 mm, 39 kN from 1650 mm to 2700 mm, 51 kN from 2850 mm to 3300 mm. Nominal height 143 mm up to 2100 mm then 219 mm. Weight 9.08 kg at 1050 mm to 53.39 kg at 3300 mm. Suits direct floor or roof load, concrete floor and point loads.

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32. supplier figure RN-8PM00C

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    BSD100 closed box lintel for internal load bearing walls of 100 mm, universal application covering direct floor or roof load, concrete floor and point loads. SWL total UDL: 19 kN from 750 mm to 2100 mm, 20 kN from 2250 mm to 2700 mm, 29 kN at 2850 mm. Nominal height 143 mm to 2700 mm, then 219 mm. Weight 4.48 kg at 750 mm to 35.34 kg at 2850 mm. Galvanised steel with black powder coating.

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33. supplier figure RN-8O6VE9

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CBP150/100 extreme load cavity lintel for a 150-165 mm cavity, inner leaf 100 mm, outer leaf 100-102 mm. Non insulated, structural steel, hot dip galvanised after fabrication. SWL total UDL at a 1:1/3:1 ratio on 150 mm end bearings: 88 kN at 2100 to 2700 mm, 79 kN at 3300 to 3900 mm, 70 kN at 5400 mm and 63 kN at 5750 mm. Constant nominal height 263 mm. Weight 86.94 kg at 2100 mm to 238.05 kg at 5750 mm, which is a two-man or mechanical lift. Lengths in 150 mm increments up to 3000 mm then 300 mm increments. Made in the UK, BES 6001 certified.

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34. supplier figure RN-DK8XS4

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CCB standard duty semi circle arch lintel for domestic housing with nominal loadings, giving clear spans from 600 mm to 1200 mm. Cavity 90-100 mm, inner leaf 100-102 mm, outer leaf 100-102 mm. Stocked at clear spans of 600, 630, 900, 915 and 1200 mm with weights of 12.69, 13.47, 18.14, 18.40 and 23.43 kg. Catnic list no SWL figure for the arch range, which is quoted N/A, so loadings must be referred to their technical department. Hot dip galvanised, made in the UK, BES 6001 certified.

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35. supplier figure RN-EYG3AL

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CG90/100 open back cavity wall lintel for 90-105 mm cavity, inner leaf 100-115 mm, outer leaf 100-102 mm, standard duty. Safe working load is total UDL at a 1:1/3:1 inner-to-outer load ratio on 150 mm end bearings: 15 kN for 750-1500 mm lengths, 18 kN at 1650-1800 mm, 20 kN at 1950-2100 mm, 22 kN at 2250-2400 mm, 26 kN from 2550 mm to 3000 mm. Nominal height steps 90 mm (to 1500), 136 mm (to 2100), 175 mm (to 2400), 215 mm (to 2700) then 224 mm. Weight 4.59 kg at 750 mm rising to 39.45 kg at 3000 mm. Lengths in 150 mm increments. Galvanised steel, integral insulation, integral plaster key, black powder coating giving duplex corrosion protection.

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36. supplier figure RN-IZJ046

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CGE90/100 closed eaves lintel, cavity 90-125 mm, inner leaf 100-115 mm, no outer leaf, standard duty. SWL total UDL on 150 mm end bearings: 20 kN from 750 mm to 1500 mm, 22 kN at 1650-2100 mm, 20 kN at 2400 mm and 2700 mm. Nominal height 97 mm to 1500 mm, 117 mm to 2100 mm, 118 mm above. Weight 4.96 kg at 750 mm to 28.51 kg at 2700 mm. Lengths in 150 mm increments to 1800 mm then 300 mm increments to 2700 mm.

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37. supplier figure RN-PIP494

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CH90/100 heavy duty open back cavity lintel, cavity 90-105 mm, inner leaf 100-115 mm, outer leaf 100-102 mm. SWL is total UDL at a 1:1/19:1 ratio on 150 mm end bearings: 32 kN from 900 mm to 1800 mm, 48 kN at 1950 mm and 2100 mm, 45 kN at 2250 mm and 2400 mm. Constant nominal height 158 mm. Weight 10.12 kg at 900 mm to 33.72 kg at 2400 mm. Lengths in 150 mm increments up to 2400 mm. Datasheet warns that with the CH and CX open back ranges carrying concrete floors the blockwork must be built tight to the inner vertical face with a mortar joint on top so floor units spread evenly over the inner flange.

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38. supplier figure RN-UIZ94T

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CN100 light duty internal wall lintel for 100 mm load bearing walls, no cavity. SWL total UDL on 150 mm end bearings is 10 kN at both stocked lengths 1050 mm and 1200 mm, nominal height 50 mm, weight 3.91 kg and 4.46 kg. Lengths in 150 mm increments. Galvanised steel with integral plaster key and integral insulation, certified to BES 6001 responsible sourcing, made in the UK.

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39. supplier figure RN-IXZ6IA

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CTF9 single element lintel for timber frame construction with a brick or block outer leaf 100-102 mm and cavity 90-105 mm, detailed to allow vertical differential movement of the timber frame. SWL total UDL: 5 kN from 750 mm to 1500 mm, 7 kN from 1650 mm to 2400 mm, 9 kN from 2550 mm to 3000 mm. Nominal height 146 mm to 1800 mm, 201 mm to 2400 mm, 271 mm to 3000 mm. Weight 2.83 kg at 750 mm to 23.25 kg at 3000 mm. Built-in DPC via the black powder coating.

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40. supplier figure RN-ZEMTD4

    Catnic (Tata Steel UK)

    CX150/125 extra heavy duty open back lintel for a 150-165 mm cavity, inner leaf 125-140 mm, outer leaf 100-102 mm, which is the wide-cavity build used to reach modern U-values. SWL total UDL at a 1:1/19:1 ratio: 60 kN from 900 mm through 2100 mm. Nominal height a constant 232 mm. Weight 16.65 kg at 900 mm rising to 38.85 kg at 2100 mm, noticeably heavier than the equivalent 90 mm cavity CX90/100 at the same length.

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